Aravind Srinivasan, Haripriya Aravind, Sumara Taranum B Syeda
Cataract and IOL Services, Aravind Eye Hospitals and Post Graduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2008 Jan;19(1):60-5. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e3282f2aaed.
Cataract surgery in India has seen exponential growth in the past decade. This leap was possible due to cost-effective cataract surgery with intraocular lenses. The purpose of this review is to update the reader regarding the Indian scenario of cataract surgery and intraocular lens manufacturing.
India performed an estimated 0.5 million cataract surgeries in 1981-1982; this increased to 4.8 million in 2006 with 90% intraocular lens acceptance. There has been a sustained shift from sutured extracapsular cataract surgery to small-incision cataract surgery. Phacoemulsification with foldable lenses is becoming the surgical choice in the urban setting. The Indian intraocular lens industry is maturing from a low-cost manufacturer to a quality-conscious, technology-driven and value-priced industry to meet present and future market needs.
The burden of cataract blindness is a major challenge for all developing countries. India has managed to improve its cataract surgical rate by an amalgam of factors such as low surgical costs, low-cost indigenous eye-care consumables, infrastructure development and enhanced training. The findings from this review will be useful to develop strategies to enhance the uptake of cataract surgery in developing countries.
在过去十年中，印度的白内障手术数量呈指数级增长。这种飞跃得益于采用人工晶状体的经济高效的白内障手术。本综述的目的是向读者介绍印度白内障手术和人工晶状体制造的现状。
1981 - 1982年，印度估计进行了50万例白内障手术；到2006年，这一数字增至480万，人工晶状体植入率达90%。手术方式已持续从缝合式囊外白内障手术转向小切口白内障手术。在城市地区，使用可折叠人工晶状体的超声乳化术正成为手术选择。印度的人工晶状体产业正从低成本制造商向注重质量、技术驱动且价格合理的产业转变，以满足当前和未来的市场需求。
白内障致盲负担对所有发展中国家都是一项重大挑战。印度通过低成本手术、低成本本土眼保健耗材、基础设施发展以及强化培训等多种因素的结合，成功提高了白内障手术率。本综述的研究结果将有助于制定策略，以提高发展中国家白内障手术的接受率。
