Bennett Jill A, Young Heather M, Nail Lillian M, Winters-Stone Kerri, Hanson Ginger
School of Nursing, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Nurs Res. 2008 Jan-Feb;57(1):24-32. doi: 10.1097/01.NNR.0000280661.34502.c1.
Both urban and rural adults are likely to be inactive, but rural adults have less access to exercise classes or facilities to increase physical activity.
To evaluate whether a telephone-only motivational interviewing (MI) intervention would increase daily physical activity of rural adults.
This randomized controlled trial enrolled 86 physically inactive adults living in rural communities (mean age = 58 years, range = 30-81 years) who stated that they were ready to increase physical activity during the next 6 months. Participants were assigned randomly to MI intervention (n = 43) or control (n = 43) groups. The MI group participants received a pedometer and monthly MI telephone calls over 6 months from a counselor. Control group participants received an equal number of telephone calls without MI content. Physical activity was measured by self-report using the Community Healthy Activities Model Program For Seniors Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Adults. Data were collected by mailed surveys and analyzed using analysis of variance.
Seventy-two participants completed the study (35 in the intervention group and 37 in the control group). The telephone-only MI intervention increased self-efficacy for exercise (p = .019) but did not increase levels of physical activity (p = .572) compared with controls.
The intervention increased self-efficacy for exercise but did not increase physical activity, possibly due to seasonal effects, the control condition, or the length of the MI intervention. Even so, future studies are warranted because telephone-only MI has potential as a practical, relatively inexpensive method to provide health counseling to rural adults in a broad geographic area. This study produced an effect size on physical activity that will be useful to guide future studies.
城市和农村成年人都可能缺乏运动，但农村成年人参加健身课程或使用健身设施以增加身体活动的机会较少。
评估仅通过电话进行的动机性访谈（MI）干预是否会增加农村成年人的日常身体活动。
这项随机对照试验招募了86名居住在农村社区的身体不活跃的成年人（平均年龄 = ５８岁，范围 = 30 - 81岁），他们表示愿意在接下来的6个月内增加身体活动。参与者被随机分配到MI干预组（n = 43）或对照组（n = 43）。MI组参与者在6个月内从一名咨询师那里收到一个计步器和每月一次的MI电话。对照组参与者收到相同数量但不含MI内容的电话。身体活动通过使用老年人社区健康活动模式项目身体活动问卷进行自我报告来测量。数据通过邮寄调查收集，并使用方差分析进行分析。
72名参与者完成了研究（干预组35名，对照组37名）。与对照组相比，仅通过电话进行的MI干预提高了运动自我效能感（p = 0.019），但没有增加身体活动水平（p = 0.572）。
该干预提高了运动自我效能感，但没有增加身体活动，这可能是由于季节影响、对照条件或MI干预的时长。即便如此，仍有必要进行未来研究，因为仅通过电话进行的MI有潜力成为一种实用、相对廉价的方法，为广大地理区域的农村成年人提供健康咨询。本研究得出的身体活动效应大小将有助于指导未来的研究。
