Goodman Catherine Chase
California State University, Long Beach 90840, USA.
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2007;65(3):231-58. doi: 10.2190/AG.65.3.c.
The past decades have seen growth in numbers of children raised by grandparents without their parent at home, called skipped-generation grand-families. This mixed methods study examined statements made by 459 grandmothers about core family relationships between grandmother and child, grandmother and parent, and parent and child. Families were grouped into intergenerational triad types based on patterns of closeness: all close relationships (triple-bonded), two close relationships (double-bonded), one close relationship (single-bonded), or weak relationships between all three family members (not-bonded). Well-being declined steadily for grandmothers from highest in triple-bonded, to lowest in not-bonded families, reflecting their high stake in all three core relationships. For grandchildren, well-being was low when the child failed to bond firmly to either grandmother or parent. On the other hand, children did well if they were close to their grandmother, even when substance abusing parents were emotionally isolated in the family, suggesting resilient children overcome parental neglect when provided with good grandparent care.
在过去几十年中，由祖父母在家抚养、父母不在身边的孩子数量有所增加，这种家庭被称为隔代大家庭。这项混合方法研究调查了459位祖母关于祖母与孩子、祖母与父母以及父母与孩子之间核心家庭关系的陈述。家庭根据亲密模式被分为代际三元组类型：所有关系亲密（三重纽带）、两种关系亲密（双重纽带）、一种关系亲密（单一纽带）或所有三个家庭成员之间关系薄弱（无纽带）。祖母的幸福感从三重纽带家庭中的最高水平稳步下降到无纽带家庭中的最低水平，这反映出她们在所有三种核心关系中的高利害关系。对于孙辈来说，当孩子未能与祖母或父母建立紧密联系时，幸福感较低。另一方面，如果孩子与祖母关系亲密，即使父母滥用药物且在情感上与家庭隔离，孩子的情况也会良好，这表明有韧性的孩子在得到良好的祖父母照顾时能够克服父母的忽视。
