Department of Psychology, Arizona State University.
Department of Human Development and Family Science, Kent State University.
J Fam Psychol. 2023 Dec;37(8):1148-1158. doi: 10.1037/fam0001150. Epub 2023 Oct 12.
The present study aimed to identify intergenerational patterns of attachment insecurity among grandmothers, adolescent grandchildren, and birth mothers in custodial grandfamilies and to test the relations among triadic attachment patterns and grandchild socioemotional outcomes. Prior research with custodial grandfamilies has found distinct "profiles" reflecting patterns of closeness between grandmothers, grandchildren, and birth mothers. However, no studies have tested patterns of among members of the triad, despite the likelihood of attachment disruption in grandfamilies. Moreover, previous studies have only examined links between profile and grandmother outcomes or rudimentary grandchild outcomes. In a sample of 230 grandmother-grandchild dyads from a larger randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of an online social intelligence training program for grandfamilies, latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify profiles of intergenerational attachment insecurity, using grandmother and grandchild reports. Profile differences in grandchild internalizing and externalizing problems, social skills, self-esteem, and prosocial behavior were examined. We identified three profiles: isolated mother, grandchild-linked, and disconnected. Overall, grandchildren in disconnected families (in which attachment insecurity between all three members of the triad was high) fared worst. Grandchildren in isolated mother families (in which only grandmother-grandchild attachment insecurity was low) fared best. A secure attachment relationship between grandmother and adolescent grandchild may buffer effects of attachment insecurity between the grandchild and birth mother. These findings inform intervention efforts and highlight the utility of family- and attachment-focused research for building understanding of custodial grandfamilies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究旨在识别养育型隔代家庭中祖母、青少年孙辈和生母之间代际依恋不安全感的模式，并检验祖孙三代依恋模式与孙辈社会情绪结果之间的关系。先前关于养育型隔代家庭的研究发现了反映祖母、孙辈和生母之间亲密程度的不同“模式”。然而，尽管隔代家庭中存在依恋中断的可能性，但没有研究测试过三代成员之间的模式。此外，先前的研究仅检验了模式与祖母结果或基本孙辈结果之间的联系。在一项对 230 对祖孙二人组的样本进行的研究中，该研究是一项针对养育型隔代家庭的在线社交智能培训计划的功效进行的更大规模的随机对照试验，使用祖母和孙辈的报告，进行了潜在剖面分析（LPA），以确定代际依恋不安全感的模式。研究考察了祖孙三代在孙辈内化和外化问题、社会技能、自尊和亲社会行为方面的模式差异。我们确定了三种模式：孤立的母亲、与孙辈相关联的和断开的。总的来说，在所有三代成员之间的依恋不安全感都很高的“断开”家庭中，孙辈的情况最糟糕。在只有祖母-孙辈依恋不安全感较低的“孤立母亲”家庭中，孙辈的情况最好。祖母和青少年孙辈之间的安全依恋关系可能会缓冲孙辈和生母之间的依恋不安全感的影响。这些发现为干预措施提供了信息，并强调了以家庭和依恋为重点的研究对于理解养育型隔代家庭的作用。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
