Prins Gail S, Korach Kenneth S
Department of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Steroids. 2008 Mar;73(3):233-44. doi: 10.1016/j.steroids.2007.10.013. Epub 2007 Nov 12.
Estrogens have significant direct and indirect effects on prostate gland development and homeostasis and have been long suspected in playing a role in the etiology of prostatic diseases. Direct effects are mediated through prostatic estrogen receptors alpha (ERalpha) and beta (ERbeta) with expression levels changing over time and with disease progression. The present review examines the evidence for a role of estrogens and specific estrogen receptors in prostate growth, differentiation and disease states including prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and cancer and discusses potential therapeutic strategies for growth regulation via these pathways.
雌激素对前列腺的发育和内环境稳定具有显著的直接和间接影响，长期以来人们一直怀疑其在前列腺疾病的病因学中发挥作用。直接作用是通过前列腺雌激素受体α（ERα）和β（ERβ）介导的，其表达水平会随时间和疾病进展而变化。本综述探讨了雌激素和特定雌激素受体在前列腺生长、分化以及包括前列腺炎、良性前列腺增生（BPH）和癌症在内的疾病状态中所起作用的证据，并讨论了通过这些途径进行生长调节的潜在治疗策略。
