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通过在生长期间进行基于赛道的运动来调节纯种竞赛马骨骼发育的新策略评估。

Evaluation of a new strategy to modulate skeletal development in Thoroughbred performance horses by imposing track-based exercise during growth.

作者信息

Rogers C W, Firth E C, McIlwraith C W, Barneveld A, Goodship A E, Kawcak C E, Smith R K W, van Weeren P R

机构信息

Global Equine Research Alliance/Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.

出版信息

Equine Vet J. 2008 Mar;40(2):111-8. doi: 10.2746/042516408X268923.

Abstract

REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY

No data exist on the intensity of exercise required or on possible harmful effects of increasing exercise in foals over the natural level when free at pasture.

OBJECTIVES

To investigate whether an increase in workload over free pasture exercise in the period from directly after birth to the start of training is tolerated by Thoroughbred (TB) foals without increasing injury rate or producing other undesired side effects.

METHODS

Thirty-three TB foals were allocated to one of 2 exercise groups directly after birth. One group (PASTEX) was raised on pasture and the other (CONDEX) kept under identical circumstances, but was additionally subjected to an exercise protocol of gradually increasing intensity. Foals were monitored periodically and scored for the presence of clinical signs related to the musculoskeletal system (joint effusion, pain at flexion, occurrence of physeal swelling), and radiographs taken at the end of the conditioning phase. Also, behavioural studies were performed to detect any changes in behaviour related to the exercise programme. Cortisol levels were measured in both groups, to assess the level of stress.

RESULTS

Workload in the CONDEX group was significantly higher than in the PASTEX group (approximately 30%). Conditioning increased the likelihood for joint effusion in the antebrachiocarpal joint, but reduced tarsocrural effusion and physeal swelling at the lateral distal radius, the third metacarpal bone (medial aspect) and lateral and medial aspects of the third metatarsal bone.

CONCLUSIONS

The 30% increase in workload did not affect the animals' welfare, effects of conditioning exercise on clinical musculoskeletal health were few and there were no adverse effects.

POTENTIAL RELEVANCE

This study supports the feasibility of imposing early conditioning exercise in horses and is a benchmark for its effects on the development of equine musculoskeletal tissues.

摘要

开展本研究的原因

目前尚无关于所需运动强度的数据,也没有关于在牧场自由活动的幼驹运动量超过自然水平时可能产生的有害影响的数据。

目的

研究纯种马(TB)幼驹从出生后到开始训练这段时间内,运动量超过在牧场自由活动时的运动量,是否能被耐受,同时不增加受伤率或产生其他不良副作用。

方法

33匹TB幼驹出生后立即被分配到两个运动组之一。一组(PASTEX)在牧场饲养,另一组(CONDEX)在相同环境下饲养,但额外进行强度逐渐增加的运动方案。定期对幼驹进行监测,并对与肌肉骨骼系统相关的临床症状(关节积液、屈曲时疼痛、骨骺肿胀的发生情况)进行评分,并在训练阶段结束时拍摄X光片。此外,还进行了行为研究,以检测与运动计划相关的行为变化。测量两组的皮质醇水平,以评估压力水平。

结果

CONDEX组的运动量显著高于PASTEX组(约30%)。训练增加了腕关节积液的可能性,但减少了跗关节积液以及桡骨远端外侧、第三掌骨(内侧)和第三跖骨内外侧的骨骺肿胀。

结论

工作量增加30%并未影响动物的福利,训练运动对临床肌肉骨骼健康的影响很小且没有不良影响。

潜在意义

本研究支持了对马匹进行早期训练运动的可行性,并且是其对马肌肉骨骼组织发育影响的一个基准。

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