Regio- and stereoselective enzymatic esterification of glycerol and its derivatives.

A methodology for regio- and stereoselective preparation of acyl glycerol derivatives is presented. It offers easy access to specific 1,2-, 1,3-diglycerides and triglycerides as well as alkyl glycerol esters, phospholipids and glycolipids. These compounds are prepared by esterification of the corresponding glycerol derivatives such as 2-monoglycerides, alkyl glycerols, glyceryl glycosides, glyceryl phosphate esters, or unsubstituted glycerol. The regio- and stereoselectivity in the esterification is achieved by using fatty acid anhydrides and an enzymatic catalyst, 1,3-specific lipase. NMR methods for determining the regio- and stereoselectivity of esterification are discussed.