Beck François, Godeau Emmanuelle, Legleye Stéphane, Spilka Stanislas
Département Observation et analyse des comportements de santé, INPES, 42, boulevard de la Libération, 93203 Saint-Denis Cedex, France.
Med Sci (Paris). 2007 Dec;23(12):1162-8. doi: 10.1051/medsci/200723121162.
Adolescence is often the time of experimentation with psychoactive substances, sometimes leading to more regular use. This paper gives an update of drug consumptions by the young adolescents, from results of recent general population surveys in France, and focuses on the specificity of this consumption when compared to that of older adolescents. It shows that regular uses of such substances usually do not start before the age of 14, but that early initiated adolescents show a higher risk of moving towards more intensive or problematic uses. Through presenting the limitations of such surveys, the authors discuss the nature of the link observed between early experimentation and level of use: while acknowledging the unquestionable prognostic value of early initiation to predict future problematic use, they show that its interpretation should be made with caution when based on such transversal epidemiological surveys.
青春期常常是尝试使用精神活性物质的时期，有时会导致更频繁的使用。本文根据法国近期的一般人群调查结果，更新了青少年药物消费情况，并着重探讨了与年龄较大的青少年相比，这一消费群体的特殊性。研究表明，此类物质的频繁使用通常在14岁之前不会开始，但较早开始使用的青少年转向更频繁或出现问题性使用的风险更高。通过阐述此类调查的局限性，作者讨论了早期尝试与使用程度之间所观察到的联系的性质：虽然承认早期开始使用对于预测未来问题性使用具有毋庸置疑的预后价值，但他们指出，基于此类横断面流行病学调查进行解读时应谨慎。
