Littleton Heather, Horsley Samantha, John Siji, Nelson David V
Department of Psychology, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341-2447, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2007 Dec;20(6):977-88. doi: 10.1002/jts.20276.
The identification of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies following traumatic events has been the subject of much scientific inquiry. The current study sought through meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between the use of approach and avoidance strategies (both problem-focused and emotion/cognitive focused) following trauma and psychological distress. Thirty-nine studies of coping following two types of traumatic events (interpersonal violence and severe injury) were retained in the meta-analysis. There was a consistent association between avoidance coping and distress, overall r = .37, but no association between approach coping and distress, overall r = -.03, but some important moderators existed. Implications of the results for future research regarding coping and trauma recovery are discussed.
创伤事件后适应性和适应不良应对策略的识别一直是众多科学探究的主题。当前的研究试图通过荟萃分析来评估创伤后采用积极应对和消极应对策略（包括问题聚焦和情绪/认知聚焦策略）与心理困扰之间的关系。荟萃分析纳入了39项关于两类创伤事件（人际暴力和重伤）后应对情况的研究。消极应对与困扰之间存在一致的关联，总体相关系数r = 0.37，但积极应对与困扰之间无关联，总体相关系数r = -0.03，不过存在一些重要的调节因素。文中讨论了这些结果对未来应对及创伤恢复研究的启示。
