Zabalegui A
School of Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 1999 Oct;26(9):1511-8.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationship between coping mechanisms and psychological distress in patients with advanced cancer receiving chemotherapy.
Descriptive, correlational study.
Private and public hospitals in New York, NY.
132 patients, ages 33-83, with advanced breast, ovarian, lung, colorectal, or other cancers.
Mail survey using the Ways of Coping Inventory-Cancer Version and the Profile of Mood States.
Coping strategies, psychological distress.
The coping strategies distancing, cognitive escape-avoidance, and behavioral escape-avoidance were related to psychological distress. Distancing was negatively related (r = -0.25) and cognitive escape-avoidance (r = 0.38) and behavioral escape-avoidance (r = 0.38) were positively related to psychological distress (p < 0.01). Collectively, the coping strategies explained 36% of the variance of psychological distress. The most important coping mechanism contributing to overall psychological distress was behavioral escape-avoidance, followed by cognitive escape-avoidance.
Low levels of psychological distress were associated with low levels of cognitive and behavioral escape-avoidance and high levels of distancing.
Nursing interventions that reduce cognitive and behavioral escape-avoidance and enhance distancing should be tested, through further research, in relation to their ability to decrease psychological distress in patients with advanced cancer.
目的/目标：探讨晚期癌症化疗患者应对机制与心理困扰之间的关系。
描述性相关性研究。
纽约市的私立和公立医院。
132名年龄在33 - 83岁之间的晚期乳腺癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、结直肠癌或其他癌症患者。
使用癌症应对方式量表和情绪状态剖面图进行邮件调查。
应对策略、心理困扰。
疏离、认知逃避和行为逃避等应对策略与心理困扰有关。疏离与心理困扰呈负相关（r = -0.25），认知逃避（r = 0.38）和行为逃避（r = 0.38）与心理困扰呈正相关（p < 0.01）。总体而言，应对策略解释了心理困扰变异的36%。导致总体心理困扰的最重要应对机制是行为逃避，其次是认知逃避。
低水平的心理困扰与低水平的认知和行为逃避以及高水平的疏离有关。
应通过进一步研究测试那些减少认知和行为逃避并增强疏离的护理干预措施，以评估其减轻晚期癌症患者心理困扰的能力。
