Wade Tracey D, Tiggemann Marika, Bulik Cynthia M, Fairburn Christopher G, Wray Naomi R, Martin Nicholas G
School of Psychology, Flinders University, P.O. Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
Psychosom Med. 2008 Feb;70(2):239-44. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e31815c40f1. Epub 2007 Dec 24.
To answer two questions about the nature of the relationship between anorexia nervosa (AN) and dimensional temperament traits: Which traits are comorbid with AN? Which traits share transmitted liabilities with AN?
A community sample of 1002 same-gender female twins was selected with respect to participation in two earlier waves of data collection. Measures of eating disorder diagnoses and features were ascertained through interview and continuous measures of temperament were ascertained from self-report measures.
Four temperaments were comorbid with AN, namely, higher levels of perfectionism (concern over mistakes, personal standards, doubt about actions), and higher need for organization. Comparison between the female co-twins of AN probands and controls (who had never had an eating disorder) showed that the former group reported higher levels of personal standards, organization, and reward dependence. The association between personal standards and reward dependence remained when controlling for the temperament of the proband or control in monozygotic twins.
The evidence overall supports the suggestion that AN may represent the expression of a common underlying familial liability to a temperament style that reflects a striving for perfectionism, a need for order, and a sensitivity to praise and reward. The nature of the shared risk factors is likely to be, in part, genetic.
回答关于神经性厌食症（AN）与维度气质特征之间关系性质的两个问题：哪些特征与AN共病？哪些特征与AN共享传递性易感性？
从参与早期两轮数据收集的人群中选取了1002对同性别女性双胞胎作为社区样本。通过访谈确定饮食失调诊断和特征的测量指标，并从自我报告测量中确定气质的连续测量指标。
有四种气质与AN共病，即更高水平的完美主义（对错误、个人标准、对行动的怀疑）以及更高的条理需求。AN先证者的女性同卵双胞胎与对照组（从未患过饮食失调症）的比较表明，前一组报告的个人标准、条理和奖励依赖水平更高。在控制同卵双胞胎中先证者或对照的气质后，个人标准与奖励依赖之间的关联仍然存在。
总体证据支持这样的观点，即AN可能代表了一种共同的潜在家族易感性的表现，这种易感性表现为一种气质风格，反映了对完美主义的追求、对秩序的需求以及对赞扬和奖励的敏感。共享风险因素的性质可能部分是遗传性的。
