Prestwich Andrew, Kenworthy Jared B, Wilson Michelle, Kwan-Tat Natasha
Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2008 Dec;47(Pt 4):575-88. doi: 10.1348/014466607X267470. Epub 2007 Dec 24.
Contact with out-group members has been associated with more favourable explicit attitudes towards the out-group in general, largely via the mediation of reduced intergroup anxiety. In addition, there is now a growing body of evidence suggesting that contact relates to automatically activated evaluations termed implicit attitudes. However, research has not fully illuminated the mechanisms through which contact with outgroup members impacts on implicit attitudes. A study investigating this issue assessed White participants' (N=105) explicit attitudes, implicit attitudes, intergroup anxiety, and contact quantity and quality about Asians. Greater contact quality was related to more positive explicit attitudes, while contact quantity was associated with more positive implicit attitudes. Both effects were mediated by reduced intergroup anxiety.
一般来说，与外群体成员的接触与对外群体更积极的显性态度有关，这主要是通过减少群体间焦虑来实现的。此外，现在有越来越多的证据表明，接触与被称为隐性态度的自动激活评价有关。然而，研究尚未充分阐明与外群体成员接触影响隐性态度的机制。一项针对此问题的研究评估了白人参与者（N = 105）对亚洲人的显性态度、隐性态度、群体间焦虑以及接触的数量和质量。更高的接触质量与更积极的显性态度有关，而接触数量则与更积极的隐性态度有关。这两种效应都通过减少群体间焦虑来介导。
