Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2013 Jul;39(7):943-55. doi: 10.1177/0146167213485444. Epub 2013 Apr 23.
Many prejudice reduction strategies involve linking the self to outgroup members. We tested the novel question of whether establishing a potent link with a single outgroup member can reduce explicit and implicit prejudice toward the outgroup as a whole. White participants completed a mock adoption procedure where they "adopted" a baby from another country. Three experiments showed that this single link fostered perceived overlap between the self and the ethnic outgroup. This overlap mediated the effect of the adoption manipulation on explicit prejudice, which was significantly reduced. Whereas the single link was insufficient to reduce implicit prejudice significantly when the self-outgroup member link was not practiced, repeatedly practicing this connection reduced prejudice significantly in comparison with a control group that had no connection to the outgroup member. Furthermore, unlike explicit attitudes, this effect was direct.
许多减少偏见的策略都涉及将自己与外群体成员联系起来。我们测试了一个新颖的问题，即与一个外群体成员建立强有力的联系是否可以减少对外群体整体的明显和隐含的偏见。白人参与者完成了一项模拟收养程序，他们“收养”了一个来自另一个国家的婴儿。三个实验表明，这种单一的联系促进了自我与族裔外群体之间的感知重叠。这种重叠中介了收养操作对明显偏见的影响，明显偏见显著降低。然而，当自我-外群体成员的联系没有被练习时，这种单一的联系不足以显著降低隐含偏见，而与没有与外群体成员联系的对照组相比，反复练习这种联系可以显著降低偏见。此外，与外显态度不同，这种影响是直接的。
