Petit Geneviève, De Wals Philippe, Law Barbara, Tam Theresa, Erickson Lonny James, Guay Maryse, Framarin Alicia
Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec.
Can J Infect Dis. 2003 Jul;14(4):215-20. doi: 10.1155/2003/781794.
With the arrival of a new conjugate pneumococcal vaccine, it is important to estimate the burden of pneumococcal diseases in Canadian children. The epidemiological data and the economic cost of these diseases are crucial elements in evaluating the relevance of a vaccination program.
Using provincial databases, ad hoc surveys and published data, age-specific incidence rates of pneumococcal infections were estimated in a cohort of 340,000 children between six months and nine years of age. The costs of these diseases to the health system and to families were also evaluated using data from Quebec and Manitoba.
Cumulative risks were one in 5000 for pneumococcal meningitis, one in 500 for bacteremia and one in 20 for pneumonia, leading to 16 deaths in the cohort. About 262,000 otitis media episodes and 32,000 cases of myringotomy with ventilation tube insertion were attributable to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Societal costs were estimated at $125 million, of which 32% was borne by the health system and 68% was borne by families. Invasive infections represented only 2% of total costs, while 84% were generated by otitis media.
Pneumococcal infections represent a significant burden for Canadian children and society that could be significantly reduced through immunization.
随着新型肺炎球菌结合疫苗的问世，估算加拿大儿童肺炎球菌疾病的负担变得至关重要。这些疾病的流行病学数据和经济成本是评估疫苗接种计划相关性的关键因素。
利用省级数据库、专项调查和已发表的数据，对34万名6个月至9岁儿童队列中的肺炎球菌感染年龄别发病率进行了估算。还利用魁北克省和曼尼托巴省的数据评估了这些疾病给卫生系统和家庭带来的成本。
肺炎球菌性脑膜炎的累积风险为5000分之一，菌血症为500分之一，肺炎为20分之一，该队列中有16人死亡。约26.2万例中耳炎发作和3.2万例鼓膜切开置管病例可归因于肺炎链球菌。社会成本估计为1.25亿加元，其中32%由卫生系统承担，68%由家庭承担。侵袭性感染仅占总成本的2%，而84%由中耳炎产生。
肺炎球菌感染给加拿大儿童和社会带来了沉重负担，通过免疫接种可大幅减轻。
