Misra S, Kantharia S L, Damor J R
Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Medical College & SSGH Hospital, Vadodara India.
Indian J Med Res. 2007 Nov;126(5):475-9.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs) are one of the worldwide public health problems of today. IDDs are endemic in various districts of Gujarat. We undertook this survey in Panchmahal district of Gujarat to study the prevalence of goiter in a sample of school children, to asses the level of iodine in salt samples, and to determine median urinary iodine concentration in a sample of children.
In a cross-sectional study, 15,900 school-going children in the age group of 6-12 yr were studied from 10 talukas. A total of 15 clusters were selected by cluster sampling method. Goitre was assessed in the children and urine and salt samples were studied for iodine concentration.
The overall prevalence of goitre was 20.5 per cent among the children examined. The median iodine concentration was 70 mg/l indicating mild iodine deficiency; also 61 per cent of the urine samples examined showed iodine insufficiency. Iodine content was found to be adequate in 54.3 per cent of salt samples.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Our study showed that goitre is still an important public health problem in the district. This calls for identification of factors to strengthen NIDDCP and the need to reimpose ban on sale of non-iodized salt in Gujarat.
碘缺乏症（IDD）是当今全球公共卫生问题之一。在古吉拉特邦的各个地区，碘缺乏症呈地方性流行。我们在古吉拉特邦的潘奇马哈尔区开展了此项调查，以研究学龄儿童样本中甲状腺肿的患病率，评估盐样本中的碘含量，并测定儿童样本中的尿碘中位数浓度。
在一项横断面研究中，从10个乡选取了15900名6至12岁的学龄儿童。通过整群抽样法共选取了15个群组。对儿童的甲状腺肿情况进行了评估，并对尿样和盐样的碘浓度进行了研究。
在接受检查的儿童中，甲状腺肿的总体患病率为20.5%。碘中位数浓度为70毫克/升，表明存在轻度碘缺乏；此外，61%的尿样检测显示碘不足。54.3%的盐样碘含量充足。
我们的研究表明，甲状腺肿在该地区仍是一个重要的公共卫生问题。这就需要找出加强全国碘缺乏病控制规划的因素，并需要在古吉拉特邦重新实施禁止销售非碘盐的规定。
