Carneiro L A M, Magalhaes J G, Tattoli I, Philpott D J, Travassos L H
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Pathol. 2008 Jan;214(2):136-48. doi: 10.1002/path.2271.
The field of innate immunity has undergone an enormous upheaval during the last decade. The discovery of different groups of proteins, called pattern recognition molecules (PRMs), which detect microbial components, so-called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and trigger protective responses, had a huge impact on the understanding of innate immune responses. Among the PRMs, the intracellular Nod-like receptors (NLRs) have recently been identified as key mediators of inflammatory and immune responses. The NLR family is divided into subfamilies on the basis of their different signal transduction domains, and recent studies have highlighted the role of certain NLRs, including Nod1, Nod2, Nalp3, Ipaf and Naip5, in the detection of intracellular microbes and possibly 'danger signals'. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the function of these proteins in immunity and inflammation, with a focus on their participation in different disease pathologies.
在过去十年中,固有免疫领域经历了巨大的变革。不同组被称为模式识别分子(PRM)的蛋白质被发现,它们能够检测微生物成分,即所谓的病原体相关分子模式(PAMP)并触发保护性反应,这对固有免疫反应的理解产生了巨大影响。在PRM中,细胞内Nod样受体(NLR)最近被确定为炎症和免疫反应的关键介质。NLR家族根据其不同的信号转导结构域分为亚家族,最近的研究强调了某些NLR,包括Nod1、Nod2、Nalp3、Ipaf和Naip5,在检测细胞内微生物以及可能的“危险信号”中的作用。在这篇综述中,我们总结了目前关于这些蛋白质在免疫和炎症中功能的知识,重点关注它们在不同疾病病理中的参与情况。