Essau Cecilia A
School of Human and Life Sciences, Roehampton University, Whitelands College, Holybourne Avenue, London SW15 4JD, United Kingdom.
Psychiatry Res. 2008 Feb 28;158(1):35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.09.007. Epub 2007 Dec 27.
The aim of this article was to examine the comorbidity rates and clinical characteristics of depressive disorders among adolescents in community and clinical settings, using the same methodology. One thousand and thirty-five adolescents from the community setting and 200 adolescents from the clinical setting were interviewed using the computerized Munich version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. In both settings, the comorbidity of depressive disorders with other psychiatric disorders was high. About 58% of the depressed adolescents in the community setting had at least one additional disorder, compared with 63.5% in the clinical setting. The most common comorbid pattern was that of depressive and anxiety disorders. Among adolescents with anxiety and depression, 72% and 62% of those in the community and clinical settings, respectively, reported the occurrence of anxiety before that of depression. Depressed adolescents with comorbid disorders used significantly more mental health services than adolescents with depression only. The findings suggest the need to design assessment and intervention strategies to deal with adolescents with multiple disorders.
本文旨在采用相同方法，研究社区和临床环境中青少年抑郁障碍的共病率及临床特征。使用计算机化慕尼黑版综合国际诊断访谈，对来自社区环境的1035名青少年和来自临床环境的200名青少年进行了访谈。在这两种环境中，抑郁障碍与其他精神障碍的共病率都很高。社区环境中约58%的抑郁青少年至少还有一种其他障碍，而临床环境中的这一比例为63.5%。最常见的共病模式是抑郁障碍与焦虑障碍。在患有焦虑和抑郁的青少年中，社区环境和临床环境中分别有72%和62%的人报告焦虑先于抑郁出现。患有共病障碍的抑郁青少年比仅患有抑郁的青少年使用心理健康服务的频率显著更高。研究结果表明，需要设计评估和干预策略来应对患有多种障碍的青少年。
