Pomerleau C S, Garcia A W, Drewnowski A, Pomerleau O F
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1991 Dec;40(4):995-9. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(91)90118-l.
Cigarette smokers weigh less than comparably aged nonsmokers, and many gain weight following cessation. Though some evidence suggests that nicotine reduces food intake, with a selective effect on sweet-tasting foods, the issue remains unresolved. In the current study, 64 women (20 smokers, 26 never-smokers, and 18 ex-smokers) were tested for sweet taste preference; 9 of these smokers were studied under conditions of both ad lib smoking and overnight abstinence, in three hormonally verified menstrual phases. 1) Although no overall differences were detected in taste preference among the three groups, significantly more smokers than nonsmokers preferred the higher sucrose concentrations. 2) No significant differences due to menstrual phase were observed. 3) Although preference ratings did not differ significantly between overnight abstinence and ad lib smoking, a subset of smokers who preferred higher sucrose concentrations rated their preference for the solutions significantly higher during the ad lib smoking sessions. Our findings suggest that smoking and nonsmoking women differ with respect to taste preference and that, at least in a subset of female smokers, preference is affected by nicotine abstinence/acute dosing.
吸烟女性的体重低于年龄相仿的非吸烟女性，而且许多人在戒烟后体重会增加。尽管有一些证据表明尼古丁会减少食物摄入量，且对甜味食物有选择性影响，但这个问题仍未得到解决。在当前的研究中，对64名女性（20名吸烟者、26名从不吸烟者和18名已戒烟者）进行了甜味偏好测试；其中9名吸烟者在三个经激素验证的月经周期中，分别在随意吸烟和夜间 abstinence的条件下接受了研究。1）尽管在三组之间未检测到味觉偏好的总体差异，但吸烟者中偏好较高蔗糖浓度的人数显著多于非吸烟者。2）未观察到因月经周期而产生的显著差异。3）尽管夜间 abstinence和随意吸烟之间的偏好评分没有显著差异，但一部分偏好较高蔗糖浓度的吸烟者在随意吸烟期间对溶液的偏好评分显著更高。我们的研究结果表明，吸烟女性和非吸烟女性在味觉偏好方面存在差异，并且至少在一部分女性吸烟者中，偏好会受到尼古丁 abstinence/急性给药的影响。 （注：原文中“overnight abstinence”可能有误，推测应为“overnight abstinence”，直译为“夜间禁欲”，结合语境这里可能是指“夜间不吸烟”，暂按此理解翻译，你可根据实际情况调整。）
