Pomerleau C S, Garcia A W, Pomerleau O F, Cameron O G
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48108.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1992 Nov;17(6):627-38. doi: 10.1016/0306-4530(92)90021-x.
Nicotine intake, menstrual and smoking withdrawal symptomatology, and baseline cortisol and MHPG were assessed in nine women smokers under conditions of ad lib smoking and overnight abstinence in three menstrual phases (early follicular, mid-to-late follicular, and late luteal). A trend towards higher nicotine intake (p < 0.10) was observed in the mid-to-late follicular phase. Although menstrual symptomatology was not significantly elevated during the smoking abstinence condition overall, abstinence appeared to prevent the normal reduction in symptomatology during the mid-to-late follicular phase that occurred under conditions of ad lib smoking. Menstrual and withdrawal symptoms were highly correlated, and both were most pronounced during the late luteal/abstinence condition. The smoking-specific item "craving" reflected this pattern, though in attenuated form, suggesting that the observed exacerbation of withdrawal symptomatology was not simply due to generalized dysphoria, as queried in both instruments. MHPG was significantly elevated in the late luteal phase, whereas cortisol was significantly higher during ad lib smoking than during abstinence and tended to be highest in the mid-to-late follicular phase. Further investigation will be needed to determine the functional significance of these findings for understanding and treating smoking in women.
在三个月经周期阶段（卵泡早期、卵泡中晚期和黄体晚期），对九名女性吸烟者在自由吸烟和夜间戒烟的情况下，评估了尼古丁摄入量、月经和戒烟症状，以及基线皮质醇和3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙二醇（MHPG）。在卵泡中晚期观察到尼古丁摄入量有升高趋势（p < 0.10）。虽然总体上在戒烟期间月经症状没有显著升高，但戒烟似乎阻止了在自由吸烟情况下卵泡中晚期出现的症状正常减轻。月经和戒断症状高度相关，且在黄体晚期/戒烟状态下最为明显。吸烟特有的“渴望”项目反映了这种模式，尽管程度较轻，这表明观察到的戒断症状加重并非仅仅由于两种工具中都询问的一般性烦躁不安。MHPG在黄体晚期显著升高，而皮质醇在自由吸烟期间显著高于戒烟期间，且在卵泡中晚期往往最高。需要进一步研究以确定这些发现对于理解和治疗女性吸烟的功能意义。
