Supuran Claudiu T
Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008 Feb;7(2):168-81. doi: 10.1038/nrd2467.
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs), a group of ubiquitously expressed metalloenzymes, are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes, including gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, ureagenesis, tumorigenicity and the growth and virulence of various pathogens. In addition to the established role of CA inhibitors (CAIs) as diuretics and antiglaucoma drugs, it has recently emerged that CAIs could have potential as novel anti-obesity, anticancer and anti-infective drugs. Furthermore, recent studies suggest that CA activation may provide a novel therapy for Alzheimer's disease. This article discusses the biological rationale for the novel uses of inhibitors or activators of CA activity in multiple diseases, and highlights progress in the development of specific modulators of the relevant CA isoforms, some of which are now being evaluated in clinical trials.
碳酸酐酶（CAs）是一类广泛表达的金属酶，参与众多生理和病理过程，包括糖异生、脂肪生成、尿素生成、肿瘤发生以及各种病原体的生长和毒力。除了碳酸酐酶抑制剂（CAIs）作为利尿剂和抗青光眼药物的既定作用外，最近发现CAIs可能具有作为新型抗肥胖、抗癌和抗感染药物的潜力。此外，最近的研究表明，碳酸酐酶激活可能为阿尔茨海默病提供一种新的治疗方法。本文讨论了碳酸酐酶活性抑制剂或激活剂在多种疾病中的新用途的生物学原理，并强调了相关碳酸酐酶同工型特异性调节剂开发方面的进展，其中一些正在进行临床试验评估。
