Cahill Sarah M, Wachsmuth I Kaye, Costarrica Maria de Lourdes, Ben Embarek Peter Karim
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.
Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Jan 15;46(2):268-73. doi: 10.1086/524737.
Powdered infant formula is not sterile and may be intrinsically contaminated with pathogens, such as Salmonella enterica, that can cause serious illness in infants. In recent years, at least 6 outbreaks of Salmonella infection in infants that have been linked to the consumption of powdered infant formula have been reported. Many of these outbreaks were identified because the Salmonella strains were unique in some way (e.g., a rare serotype) and a well-established Salmonella surveillance network, supported by laboratories capable of serotyping isolates, was in place. Another common feature of the outbreaks was the low level of salmonellae detected in the implicated formula (salmonellae may be missed in routine testing). These outbreaks likely represent only a small proportion of the actual number of Salmonella infections in infants that have been linked to powdered infant formula. Managing this problem requires a multidimensional approach in which manufacturers, regulators, and caregivers to infants can all play a role.
婴儿配方奶粉粉并非无菌，可能会被诸如肠炎沙门氏菌等病原体内在污染，这些病原体可导致婴儿患上严重疾病。近年来，至少已报告了6起与食用婴儿配方奶粉粉有关的婴儿沙门氏菌感染疫情。其中许多疫情之所以被发现，是因为沙门氏菌菌株在某些方面具有独特性（例如，一种罕见的血清型），而且有一个完善的沙门氏菌监测网络，由能够对分离株进行血清分型的实验室提供支持。这些疫情的另一个共同特征是，在涉事配方奶粉中检测到的沙门氏菌数量较低（常规检测可能会遗漏沙门氏菌）。这些疫情可能仅占与婴儿配方奶粉粉有关的婴儿实际沙门氏菌感染数量的一小部分。解决这个问题需要采取多维度方法，制造商、监管机构和婴儿护理人员都可以发挥作用。
