Almgren Gunnar, Magarati Maya, Mogford Liz
School of Social Work, Department of Sociology, University of Washington, 4101 15th Avenue N.E. Seattle, WA 98105-6299, USA.
J Adolesc. 2009 Feb;32(1):109-33. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.11.003. Epub 2008 Jan 2.
We investigate the factors that influence adolescent self-assessed health, based upon surveys conducted between 2000 and 2004 of high-school seniors in Washington State (N=6853). A large proportion of the sample (30%) was first and second generation immigrants from Asia, Latin America, and Eastern Europe. Findings include a robust negative effect of female gender on self-reported health that is largely unmodified by demographic, developmental, social capital, and parental support variables, gender differences in the covariates of self-reported health, and the tendency of male adolescents of Cambodian and Vietnamese origin to report lower levels of self-reported health despite controls for other health-related individual characteristics. Social capital dimensions such as positive school affiliation, social network cohesion, and a safe learning environment were found to covary with the self-reported health of adolescent females.
我们基于2000年至2004年期间对华盛顿州高中毕业生（N = 6853）进行的调查，研究了影响青少年自我评估健康状况的因素。样本中有很大一部分（30%）是来自亚洲、拉丁美洲和东欧的第一代和第二代移民。研究结果包括：女性性别对自我报告健康状况有强烈的负面影响，且在很大程度上不受人口统计学、发育、社会资本和父母支持变量的影响；自我报告健康状况的协变量存在性别差异；尽管对其他与健康相关的个体特征进行了控制，但柬埔寨和越南裔男性青少年仍倾向于报告较低的自我报告健康水平。研究发现，诸如积极的学校归属感、社会网络凝聚力和安全的学习环境等社会资本维度与青少年女性的自我报告健康状况相关。
