Hogard Elaine
Social and Health Evaluation Unit, University of Chester, Chester, UK.
Eval Program Plann. 2008 Feb;31(1):34-40. doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2007.10.001. Epub 2007 Oct 11.
This article is concerned with the evaluation of the process of interaction between professionals and clients in health and social care. The literature is reviewed to identify examples of this kind of process evaluation and the reported studies are analysed with regard to the purposes of the evaluations and the methods employed. A novel categorisation of purpose is proposed which identifies five main purposes: confirmatory when the process is being checked to assess compliance with stated plans and intentions; causal when the intention is to link aspects of the process with outcomes; experimental when the process is being manipulated to compare outcomes for experimental and control groups; stakeholder perspectives when the process is being evaluated from the standpoint of stakeholders; formative/summative feedback when the process is being described to provide feedback to providers; and finally, exploratory when an under-researched or poorly understood process is being investigated to identify its main features. Methods for evaluating interpersonal process are described and the implications of this kind of evaluation are discussed.
本文关注健康与社会照护领域中专业人员与服务对象之间互动过程的评估。回顾相关文献以找出此类过程评估的实例，并针对评估目的及所采用的方法对已报道的研究进行分析。本文提出了一种新颖的目的分类法，确定了五个主要目的：确认性目的，即检查过程以评估是否符合既定计划和意图；因果性目的，即旨在将过程的各个方面与结果联系起来；实验性目的，即对过程进行操控以比较实验组和对照组的结果；利益相关者视角目的，即从利益相关者的角度评估过程；形成性/总结性反馈目的，即描述过程以向提供者提供反馈；最后是探索性目的，即对研究不足或了解甚少的过程进行调查以确定其主要特征。文中描述了评估人际过程的方法，并讨论了此类评估的意义。
