Pesut Barbara, Johnson Joy
Barbara Pesut PhD RN Assistant Professor Nursing School of Nursing, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada Joy Johnson PhD RN FCAHS Professor, Associate Director Graduate Programs and Research, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
J Adv Nurs. 2008 Jan;61(1):115-121. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04493.x.
This paper is an introduction to the characteristics of philosophical inquiry.
Despite over a century of philosophical thinking in nursing, philosophical inquiry has yet to be positioned as contributing substantially to the field of nursing's inquiry. There is a need to articulate the nature and characteristics of philosophical inquiry for researchers new to this perspective.
We begin by addressing a common question that surfaces when one begins a work that is philosophical in nature, how does one differentiate between nursing philosophy and nursing theory? We then address the nature and characteristics of philosophical inquiry. We conclude by considering the question of whether philosophical inquiry might be considered a form of qualitative inquiry.
Unlike science, which relies upon investigative methods, philosophical inquiry relies upon the capacities to think and reason. Problems characteristic of philosophical inquiry include conceptual clarification, analysis of arguments and problems related to the ontology, epistemology and ethics of nursing. Although methodological approaches to philosophical inquiry are diverse, common tools include assumptions and the intellectual processes of conceptualizing, judging and reasoning within a context of wonder.
Some have argued that to neglect philosophy in nursing is to place the discipline at risk. However, there is little guidance available to researchers new to this method of inquiry. By providing a beginning roadmap, our hope is that philosophical inquiry will take its place alongside scientific methods of inquiry with the goal of constructing robust knowledge for the discipline of nursing.
本文旨在介绍哲学探究的特点。
尽管护理领域已有一个多世纪的哲学思考，但哲学探究尚未被视为对护理探究领域有重大贡献。有必要为刚接触这一视角的研究者阐明哲学探究的本质和特点。
我们首先解决一个在开始一项具有哲学性质的工作时出现的常见问题，即如何区分护理哲学和护理理论？然后探讨哲学探究的本质和特点。最后思考哲学探究是否可被视为一种质性探究形式的问题。
与依赖调查方法的科学不同，哲学探究依赖思考和推理能力。哲学探究特有的问题包括概念澄清、论证分析以及与护理本体论、认识论和伦理学相关的问题。尽管哲学探究的方法论途径多种多样，但常见工具包括假设以及在好奇背景下进行概念化、判断和推理的智力过程。
一些人认为，在护理中忽视哲学将使该学科面临风险。然而，对于刚接触这种探究方法的研究者来说，几乎没有可用的指导。通过提供一个初步的路线图，我们希望哲学探究能与科学探究方法并驾齐驱，为护理学科构建坚实的知识。
