Nielsen Ole Haagen, Vainer Ben, Rask-Madsen Jørgen
Department of Medical Gastroenterology C, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Jan;5(1):28-39. doi: 10.1038/ncpgasthep1005.
A wide range of etiologies and pathogenic mechanisms underlie colitis. This Review provides an overview of the pathophysiology, epidemiology, histopathology, and clinical characteristics of noninfectious and non-IBD forms of colitis: microscopic colitis, Behçet's syndrome, diversion colitis, diverticular colitis, eosinophilic colitis, ischemic colitis, and radiation colitis. These more recently characterized and rare forms of colitis occur as either primary conditions or complications of other diseases. Most of these diseases are uncommon; therefore, epidemiologic data and data from controlled trials are not readily available. Practical guidelines for the diagnosis and therapy of these more recently characterized and rarer forms of colitis are given where possible.
多种病因和致病机制是结肠炎的基础。本综述概述了非感染性和非炎症性肠病（IBD）形式结肠炎的病理生理学、流行病学、组织病理学和临床特征：显微镜下结肠炎、白塞氏综合征、改道性结肠炎、憩室性结肠炎、嗜酸性粒细胞性结肠炎、缺血性结肠炎和放射性结肠炎。这些最近才被明确的罕见结肠炎形式，既可以是原发性疾病，也可以是其他疾病的并发症。这些疾病大多并不常见；因此，流行病学数据和对照试验数据并不容易获得。在可能的情况下，给出了这些最近才被明确的罕见结肠炎形式的诊断和治疗实用指南。
