Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2012 Nov;16(13):1795-805.
This Review provides an overview of the pathophysiology, epidemiology, histopathology, clinical characteristics of non-IBD forms of colitis over than some preliminary therapeutic evidences.
The term "Colitides" includes a variety of inflammatory diseases of the colon. These forms of colitis occur as either primary conditions or complications of other diseases. The etiopathogenesis of most of them remains obscure and the epidemiological data are rather limited. Clinical presentations include chronic, watery diarrhea, abdominal pain and intermittent rectal bleeding. Endoscopic evaluation and mucosal biopsy are essential to confirm the diagnosis and to exclude IBD-associated colitis. These diseases include microscopic colitis, ischemic colitis, segmental colitis associated with diverticula, radiation colitis, diversion colitis, eosinophilic colitis and Behcet's colitis.
In many cases the treatment is empirical and often the therapy and outcome depend on the severity of the disease.
本文综述了非炎症性肠病结肠炎的病理生理学、流行病学、组织病理学和临床特征，以及一些初步的治疗证据。
“结肠炎”一词包括多种结肠炎症性疾病。这些结肠炎形式既可作为原发性疾病，也可作为其他疾病的并发症出现。它们大多数的病因发病机制仍不清楚，且流行病学数据相当有限。临床表现包括慢性、水样腹泻、腹痛和间歇性直肠出血。内镜检查和黏膜活检对于明确诊断和排除与炎症性肠病相关的结肠炎至关重要。这些疾病包括显微镜下结肠炎、缺血性结肠炎、与憩室相关的节段性结肠炎、放射性结肠炎、转流性结肠炎、嗜酸性粒细胞性结肠炎和贝赫切特氏结肠炎。
在许多情况下，治疗是经验性的，治疗方法和结果往往取决于疾病的严重程度。
