Lotzmann U, Kobes L W
Zentrums für Zahn-Mund-Kieferheilkunde, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen.
Dtsch Stomatol (1990). 1991;41(11):414-7.
Complaints in the otolaryngologic region, that cannot be referred to an otolaryngological pathologic process, are often caused by or combined with craniomandibular dysfunctions. As a rule these complaints are not the result of direct mechanical irritation of the articular tissues, but the effect of neuromuscular incoordination and spasms. Consequently the term "Costen's syndrome" is obsolete and should be used no more. In many cases the interaction of otolaryngological symptoms and craniomandibular disorders can only be proved ex iuvantibus. Occlusal equilibration combined with physical and physiotherapeutic treatment are approved methods to normalize neuromuscular function and eliminate muscle tension and pain.
不能归因于耳鼻喉科病理过程的耳鼻喉区域的主诉，通常由颅下颌功能障碍引起或与之合并。通常这些主诉并非关节组织直接机械刺激的结果，而是神经肌肉不协调和痉挛的影响。因此，“科斯顿综合征”这一术语已过时，不应再使用。在许多情况下，耳鼻喉科症状与颅下颌疾病之间的相互作用只能通过事后推断来证实。咬合平衡结合物理和物理治疗是使神经肌肉功能正常化并消除肌肉紧张和疼痛的公认方法。
