Cooper B C, Cooper D L, Lucente F E
Department of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, New York Medical College, New York.
Laryngoscope. 1991 Feb;101(2):150-7. doi: 10.1288/00005537-199102000-00009.
Patients presenting to the otolaryngologist with complaints such as otalgia, dizziness, tinnitus, or fullness in the ear may be experiencing the effects of craniomandibular disorders. These disorders can involve dysfunction in the delicate interrelationship of the skull, mandible, cervical vertebrae, and neuromuscular apparatus and can present as myofacial pain. Electromyographic recordings using surface electrodes were made bilaterally on the masseter, anterior temporalis, and digastric muscles in 641 craniomandibular patients, before and after transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation, at their initial presentation and following the insertion of mandibular orthopedic appliances. In the presenting patient, muscle-resting levels significantly decreased from hyperactive levels with transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation therapy. The creation of a new occlusal position with an orthotic appliance was found to correlate with a significant reduction in otolaryngologic symptoms as well as an increase in maximum muscle activity in function and coordination of muscle groups during mandibular movement. Thus, clinical electromyographic studies are an important aid in the treatment of craniomandibular disorders.
因耳痛、头晕、耳鸣或耳部闷胀等症状前来就诊的耳鼻喉科患者，可能正遭受颅下颌关节紊乱症的影响。这些病症可能涉及颅骨、下颌骨、颈椎和神经肌肉装置之间微妙的相互关系失调，并可能表现为肌筋膜疼痛。在641例颅下颌关节紊乱症患者中，分别于初次就诊时、经皮电刺激神经治疗前后以及佩戴下颌矫形器后，使用表面电极对双侧咬肌、颞肌前部和二腹肌进行肌电图记录。在初诊患者中，经皮电刺激神经治疗后，肌肉静息水平从亢进状态显著下降。研究发现，使用正畸矫治器建立新的咬合位置与耳鼻喉科症状显著减轻以及下颌运动过程中肌肉功能和协调性的最大肌肉活动增加相关。因此，临床肌电图研究对颅下颌关节紊乱症的治疗具有重要帮助。
