Hu R L, Fooks A R, Zhang S F, Liu Y, Zhang F
Laboratory of Epidemiology, Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, China.
Epidemiol Infect. 2008 Nov;136(11):1556-63. doi: 10.1017/S0950268807000131. Epub 2008 Jan 4.
Human rabies in China continues to increase exponentially, largely due to an inadequate veterinary infrastructure and poor vaccine coverage of naive dogs. We performed an epidemiological survey of rabies both in humans and animals, examined vaccine quality for animal use, evaluated the vaccination coverage in dogs, and checked the dog samples for the presence of rabies virus. The lack of surveillance in dog rabies, together with the low immunization coverage (up to 2.8% in rural areas) and the high percentage of rabies virus prevalence (up to 6.4%) in dogs, suggests that the dog population is a continual threat for rabies transmission from dogs to humans in China. Results also indicated that the quality of rabies vaccines for animal use did not satisfy all of the requirements for an efficacious vaccine capable of fully eliminating rabies. These data suggest that the factors noted above are highly correlated with the high incidence of human rabies in China.
中国的人间狂犬病病例数持续呈指数级增长，这主要归因于兽医基础设施不完善以及对未免疫犬只的疫苗接种覆盖率低。我们对人和动物的狂犬病进行了流行病学调查，检测了兽用疫苗质量，评估了犬只的疫苗接种覆盖率，并检查犬只样本中是否存在狂犬病病毒。犬狂犬病监测的缺乏，加上免疫覆盖率低（农村地区高达2.8%）以及犬只中狂犬病病毒流行率高（高达6.4%），表明犬类群体在中国是狂犬病从犬只传播给人类的持续威胁。结果还表明，兽用狂犬病疫苗的质量未能满足有效疫苗完全消除狂犬病的所有要求。这些数据表明，上述因素与中国人间狂犬病的高发病率高度相关。
