Shnabel Nurit, Nadler Arie
Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, israel.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2008 Jan;94(1):116-32. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.94.1.116.
The authors propose that conflict threatens different psychological resources of victims and perpetrators and that these threats contribute to the maintenance of conflict (A. Nadler, 2002; A. Nadler & I. Liviatan, 2004; A. Nadler & N. Shnabel, in press). On the basis of this general proposition, the authors developed a needs-based model of reconciliation that posits that being a victim is associated with a threat to one's status and power, whereas being a perpetrator threatens one's image as moral and socially acceptable. To counter these threats, victims must restore their sense of power, whereas perpetrators must restore their public moral image. A social exchange interaction in which these threats are removed should enhance the parties' willingness to reconcile. The results of 4 studies on interpersonal reconciliation support these hypotheses. Applied and theoretical implications of this model are discussed.
作者们提出，冲突会威胁受害者和加害者的不同心理资源，且这些威胁会促使冲突持续存在（A. 纳德勒，2002年；A. 纳德勒和I. 利维亚坦，2004年；A. 纳德勒和N. 施纳贝尔，即将出版）。基于这一总体命题，作者们构建了一个基于需求的和解模型，该模型假定，作为受害者会威胁到个人的地位和权力，而作为加害者则会威胁到个人在道德和社会层面被认可的形象。为应对这些威胁，受害者必须恢复其权力感，而加害者则必须恢复其公众道德形象。消除这些威胁的社会交换互动应会增强各方和解的意愿。关于人际和解的4项研究结果支持了这些假设。本文还讨论了该模型的应用和理论意义。
