Birditt Kira S, Antonucci Toni C
Life Course Development Program, Institute For Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104-2321, USA.
J Fam Psychol. 2007 Dec;21(4):595-604. doi: 10.1037/0893-3200.21.4.595.
The marital relationship rarely exists in isolation and yet few studies have examined the multiple relationships experienced by most married people. This study used the Convoy Model of Social Relations to examine patterns of multiple relationships and well-being among men and women ages 22 to 79 years (N = 654). Cluster analyses identified profiles of relationship quality among people with spouse, family (children, mother, father), and a best friend (N = 451) and those married with family but no best friend (N = 202). Relationship profiles differed in quality and by gender, race, and age. Among people with best friends, having at least 2 high quality relations, not necessarily with a spouse, is associated with greater well-being. In contrast, among people without best friends, the spousal relation appears to be particularly important for well-being. Although family relationships (e.g., spouse) are important for well-being, interventions should consider the composition and quality of social networks to determine which relationships may need improvement.
婚姻关系很少孤立存在，但很少有研究考察大多数已婚人士所经历的多重关系。本研究采用社会关系护航模型，考察了22至79岁（N = 654）男性和女性的多重关系模式与幸福感。聚类分析确定了有配偶、家人（子女、母亲、父亲）和一个最好朋友的人群（N = 451）以及已婚但没有最好朋友的人群（N = 202）的关系质量概况。关系概况在质量上以及性别、种族和年龄方面存在差异。在有最好朋友的人群中，拥有至少两段高质量关系（不一定是与配偶的关系）与更高的幸福感相关。相比之下，在没有最好朋友的人群中，配偶关系对幸福感似乎尤为重要。虽然家庭关系（如配偶关系）对幸福感很重要，但干预措施应考虑社会网络的构成和质量，以确定哪些关系可能需要改善。
