Gierveld Jenny de Jong, van Groenou Marjolein Broese, Hoogendoorn Adriaan W, Smit Johannes H
Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, P.O. Box 11650, 2502 AR The Hague, The Netherlands.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2009 Jun;64(4):497-506. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbn043. Epub 2009 Feb 12.
We examine the extent of emotional and social loneliness among older people and how the evaluation of the functioning and quality of marriages plays a role.
Data on 755 respondents aged 64-92 are taken from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (Wave 2001-2002). Hierarchical negative binomial regression analysis is used.
Between 1 in 4 and 5 older adults who are married exhibit moderate or strong emotional or social loneliness. Stronger emotional and social loneliness is observed in adults whose spouse has health problems, who do not often receive emotional support from the spouse, who have nonfrequent conversations or are in disagreement, or who evaluate their current sex life as not (very) pleasant or not applicable. Emotional loneliness is stronger among women in second marriages, whereas marked social loneliness is especially characteristic of older men with disabled spouses. Moreover, smaller social networks and less contact with children also increase emotional and social loneliness in later life.
Differentiating marital quality and gender provides greater insight into emotional and social loneliness in married older people.
我们研究了老年人中情感孤独和社交孤独的程度，以及婚姻功能和质量的评估如何发挥作用。
关于755名年龄在64 - 92岁之间受访者的数据取自阿姆斯特丹纵向老龄化研究（2001 - 2002年波次）。使用分层负二项回归分析。
四分之一到五分之一的已婚老年人表现出中度或强烈的情感或社交孤独。在配偶有健康问题、不常从配偶那里获得情感支持、交流不频繁或意见不一致，或者将当前性生活评价为不（很）愉快或不适用的成年人中，观察到更强的情感和社交孤独。二婚女性中的情感孤独更强，而明显的社交孤独尤其多见于配偶残疾的老年男性。此外，较小的社交网络以及与子女较少的联系也会增加晚年的情感和社交孤独。
区分婚姻质量和性别能更深入地了解已婚老年人的情感和社交孤独。
