van Zeijl Jantien, Mesman Judi, Stolk Mirjam N, Alink Lenneke R A, van Ijzendoorn Marinus H, Bakermans-Kranenburg Marian J, Juffer Femmie, Koot Hans M
Centre for Child and Family Studies, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
J Fam Psychol. 2007 Dec;21(4):626-36. doi: 10.1037/0893-3200.21.4.626.
This study investigated the interaction of child temperament and maternal discipline in the prediction of externalizing problems in early childhood. Interaction effects were evaluated in a sample of 227 one- to three-year-old children with relatively high externalizing problems scores on the Child Behavior Checklist/1 1/2-5. Child temperament was reported by the mothers, maternal discipline was observed in a laboratory session, and child outcome measures included both mother-reported externalizing problems and observed physical aggression. Results indicate that children with difficult temperaments are more susceptible to negative discipline (i.e., they showed more externalizing problems) as well as more susceptible to positive discipline (i.e., they showed fewer externalizing problems and less physical aggression), as compared with children with relatively easy temperaments. These findings provide empirical evidence for the differential susceptibility hypothesis and suggest directions for enhancing the effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing early childhood externalizing problems.
本研究调查了儿童气质与母亲管教方式在预测幼儿外化问题方面的相互作用。在227名1至3岁儿童的样本中评估了交互效应，这些儿童在《儿童行为清单/1.5 - 5岁版》上的外化问题得分相对较高。母亲报告了儿童的气质，在实验室环节观察了母亲的管教方式，儿童的结果测量包括母亲报告的外化问题和观察到的身体攻击行为。结果表明，与气质相对随和的儿童相比，气质困难的儿童更容易受到负面管教的影响（即他们表现出更多的外化问题），也更容易受到正面管教的影响（即他们表现出较少的外化问题和较少的身体攻击行为）。这些发现为差异易感性假说提供了实证证据，并为提高旨在减少幼儿外化问题的干预措施的有效性指明了方向。
