Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
Infant Behav Dev. 2010 Feb;33(1):39-49. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2009.10.008. Epub 2009 Dec 3.
The first objective of this study was to investigate which aspects of temperament are related to externalizing problem behavior and which aspects are related to internalizing problem behavior. The second objective was to investigate how parenting influences the link between temperament and problem behavior. The sample included 89 two-parent families and their firstborn 36-month-old children, and 81 day care and preschool playgroup teachers. Mothers, fathers and teachers filled in questionnaires and home observations took place. The results showed that different temperament characteristics predict externalizing and internalizing problems. Further, the results indicate that parenting moderates the relation between temperament and problem behavior. More specifically, positive control of the father buffered the relation between impulsivity and externalizing problems, whereas negative control of the mother and father strengthened the relation between fear and internalizing problems.
本研究的首要目的在于探讨气质的哪些方面与外化问题行为有关，哪些方面与内化问题行为有关。第二个目的在于调查教养方式如何影响气质与问题行为之间的联系。该样本包括 89 个双亲家庭及其 36 个月大的长子长女，以及 81 名日托和学前游戏小组教师。母亲、父亲和教师填写了调查问卷，并进行了家庭观察。结果表明，不同的气质特征可以预测外化和内化问题。此外，结果表明，教养方式调节了气质与行为问题之间的关系。更具体地说，父亲的积极控制缓冲了冲动与外化问题之间的关系，而母亲和父亲的消极控制则加强了恐惧与内化问题之间的关系。
