Bryant E J, King N A, Blundell J E
Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Obes Rev. 2008 Sep;9(5):409-19. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2007.00426.x. Epub 2007 Dec 26.
Over the past 30 years, the understanding of eating behaviour has been dominated by the concept of dietary restraint. However, the development of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire introduced two other factors, Disinhibition and Hunger, which have not received as much recognition in the literature. The objective of this review was to explore the relationship of the Disinhibition factor with weight regulation, food choice and eating disorders, and to consider its aetiology. The review indicates that Disinhibition is an important eating behaviour trait. It is associated not only with a higher body mass index and obesity, but also with mediating variables, such as less healthful food choices, which contribute to overweight/obesity and poorer health. Disinhibition is also implicated in eating disorders and contributes to eating disorder severity. It has been demonstrated that Disinhibition is predictive of poorer success at weight loss, and of weight regain after weight loss regimes and is associated with lower self-esteem, low physical activity and poor psychological health. Disinhibition therefore emerges as an important and dynamic trait, with influences that go beyond eating behaviour and incorporate other behaviours which contribute to weight regulation and obesity. The characteristics of Disinhibition itself therefore reflect many components representative of a thrifty type of physiology. We propose that the trait of Disinhibition be more appropriately renamed as 'opportunistic eating' or 'thrifty behaviour'.
在过去30年里，对饮食行为的理解一直受饮食节制概念主导。然而，三因素饮食问卷的发展引入了另外两个因素，即去抑制和饥饿，而这两个因素在文献中并未得到同等程度的认可。本综述的目的是探讨去抑制因素与体重调节、食物选择和饮食失调之间的关系，并考虑其病因。该综述表明，去抑制是一种重要的饮食行为特征。它不仅与较高的体重指数和肥胖有关，还与一些中介变量有关，比如选择不太健康的食物，而这些因素会导致超重/肥胖以及健康状况较差。去抑制还与饮食失调有关，并会加重饮食失调的严重程度。研究表明，去抑制预示着减肥成功率较低，以及减肥计划后体重反弹，而且与自尊心较低、身体活动量少和心理健康状况差有关。因此，去抑制成为一个重要且动态的特征，其影响不仅限于饮食行为，还涉及其他有助于体重调节和肥胖的行为。去抑制本身的特征因此反映了许多代表节俭型生理机能的成分。我们建议将去抑制这一特征更恰当地重新命名为“机会性进食”或“节俭行为”。
