Galaz Pablo, García Stephanie, Mercado Rubén, Orrego Elsa, Pagliero Blanca, Contreras María Del Carmen, Salinas Patricia, Arancibia Carlos
Unidad Docente de Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2007 Oct;135(10):1291-5. Epub 2007 Dec 20.
After the interruption of the transmission of Chagas disease via vector insects in Chile, there is little available epidemiological information about this parasitosis in blood banks.
To update the rates of T cruzi positive blood donors. To measure parasitological and epidemiological parameters in blood donors with anti T cruzi antibodies.
An ELISA-T cruzi test was carried out in 30,309 blood donors between 2000 and 2004. In 75 blood donors with an ELISA-T cruzi positive test and 79 donors with negative ELISA (controls), a survey about personal or parental history of biting by a kissing bug (Triatomine), was performed. A blood sample was also obtained to perform Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for T cruzi and a xenodiagnostic test.
Annual frequency of positive ELISA for T cruzi serum antibodies in blood donors varied from 0.31% to 0.45%. Twenty eight percent of subjects with positive and 6% of subjects with negative specific antibodies answered the survey about biting. PCR and xenodiagnostic test were positive in 52 (69%) and 16 (21%) of positive ELISA-T cruzi test blood donors, respectively. Xenodiagnostic was also positive in 5 individuals who had a negative PCR.
Seroprevalence of T cruzi antibodies decreased from 3% in 1968 to 0.3% in 2004.
在智利通过病媒昆虫传播的恰加斯病被阻断后，关于血库中这种寄生虫病的流行病学信息很少。
更新克氏锥虫阳性献血者的比例。测量抗克氏锥虫抗体阳性献血者的寄生虫学和流行病学参数。
2000年至2004年期间，对30309名献血者进行了克氏锥虫酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测。对75名ELISA检测呈阳性的献血者和79名ELISA检测呈阴性的献血者（对照组）进行了关于个人或父母被锥蝽叮咬史的调查。还采集了血样进行克氏锥虫的聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测和异种诊断试验。
献血者中克氏锥虫血清抗体ELISA阳性的年发生率在0.31%至0.45%之间。28%的特异性抗体阳性受试者和6%的特异性抗体阴性受试者回答了关于叮咬的调查。在ELISA检测呈阳性的献血者中，PCR和异种诊断试验分别在52名（69%）和16名（21%）中呈阳性。在PCR检测呈阴性的5名个体中，异种诊断试验也呈阳性。
克氏锥虫抗体血清阳性率从1968年的3%降至2004年的0.3%。
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