García A, Célis D, León M, León P, Macchiavello N, Miranda J P, Tassara R, Denegri M, Lorca M
Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 1997 Aug;125(8):905-10.
The prevalence of positive antibodies for Chagas disease in a blood bank of a public hospital in Santiago is 1.2%. These positive individuals should be informed about their condition and further studied.
To perform a serological confirmation, an epidemiological and clinical assessment of blood donors seropositive for Chagas disease in a blood bank of Santiago.
One hundred eleven seropositive donors, detected between 1994 and 1996, were studied. Serological reactions were confirmed with ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence reactions. Those confirmed as positive were subjected to a clinical-epidemiological questionnaire, physical examination, EKG and barium enema or swallow according to symptoms.
Seventy individuals were confirmed as positive for Chagas disease. Most of them lived at least once in an endemic zone for Chagas disease or in a sun-dried clay brick house. Forty-percent of individuals knew reduviid bugs and 14% had been bitten by these insects. Twenty six percent of these subjects had an abnormal EKG (61% with bradycardia). No digestive diseases attributable to Chagas disease were detected.
The high prevalence of problems attributable to Chagas disease among seropositive blood donors underscores the need of an epidemiological follow up of these individuals.
圣地亚哥一家公立医院血库中查加斯病抗体阳性的患病率为1.2%。这些阳性个体应被告知其病情并进行进一步研究。
对圣地亚哥一家血库中查加斯病血清学阳性的献血者进行血清学确认、流行病学和临床评估。
研究了1994年至1996年间检测出的111名血清学阳性献血者。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和间接免疫荧光反应确认血清学反应。对确认阳性的个体进行临床流行病学问卷调查、体格检查、心电图检查，并根据症状进行钡剂灌肠或吞咽检查。
70人被确认为查加斯病阳性。他们中的大多数人至少曾在查加斯病流行区或晒干的粘土砖房居住过一次。40%的个体知道锥蝽，14%曾被这些昆虫叮咬过。这些受试者中有26%的人心电图异常（61%为心动过缓）。未检测到可归因于查加斯病的消化系统疾病。
血清学阳性献血者中查加斯病所致问题的高患病率凸显了对这些个体进行流行病学随访的必要性。
