Heywood P, Lund-Adams M
Nutrition Program, University of Queensland.
Aust J Public Health. 1991 Dec;15(4):258-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00345.x.
The Australian food and nutrition system can be seen as composed of four subsystems: production; processing and distribution; consumption; and nutrition. The production subsystem has a large number of producers and is largely export-oriented. Processing is domestically focused, with a low level of innovation and a relatively high concentration of ownership. Export activity in this subsystem involves mostly low value-added products. Ownership of food stores is highly concentrated and their influence on innovation in food processing is increasing. The food service industry has many outlets and is growing rapidly. Most food consumption and decisions about it are made in the context of households. Nutrition is now known to be a causal factor in a wide range of chronic degenerative diseases. Improved nutrition, an important avenue for improving the health of Australians, requires coordinated activities across a number of sectors and would be facilitated by a national food and nutrition policy. An understanding of the food and nutrition system will facilitate formulation and analysis of such a policy.
生产；加工与分销；消费；以及营养。生产子系统有大量生产者，且主要以出口为导向。加工环节以国内市场为重点，创新水平较低，所有权集中度相对较高。该子系统的出口活动大多涉及低附加值产品。食品商店的所有权高度集中，它们对食品加工创新的影响正在增加。食品服务业网点众多且发展迅速。大多数食品消费及其相关决策是在家庭环境中做出的。现在已知营养是多种慢性退行性疾病的一个致病因素。改善营养是改善澳大利亚人健康的一条重要途径，这需要多个部门的协同活动，而国家食品和营养政策将对此起到推动作用。对食品和营养系统的理解将有助于制定和分析这样一项政策。
