Peer Wendy Ann, Murphy Angus S
Department of Horticulture, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
Trends Plant Sci. 2007 Dec;12(12):556-63. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2007.10.003.
Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds found in all vascular and non-vascular plants. Although nonessential for plant growth and development, flavonoids have species-specific roles in nodulation, fertility, defense and UV protection. Flavonoids have been shown to modulate transport of the phytohormone auxin in addition to auxin-dependent tropic responses. However, flavonoids are not essential regulators of these processes because transport and tropic responses occur in their absence. Flavonoids modulate the activity of auxin-transporting P-glycoproteins and seem to modulate the activity of regulatory proteins such as phosphatases and kinases. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that auxin transport mechanisms evolved in the presence of flavonoid compounds produced for the scavenging of reactive oxygen species and defense from herbivores and pathogens.
黄酮类化合物是存在于所有维管植物和非维管植物中的多酚类化合物。尽管对植物生长和发育并非必不可少，但黄酮类化合物在结瘤、育性、防御和紫外线防护方面具有物种特异性作用。除了生长素依赖性向性反应外，黄酮类化合物还被证明可调节植物激素生长素的运输。然而，黄酮类化合物并非这些过程的必需调节因子，因为在没有它们的情况下仍会发生运输和向性反应。黄酮类化合物可调节生长素转运P-糖蛋白的活性，并且似乎还可调节诸如磷酸酶和激酶等调节蛋白的活性。系统发育分析表明，生长素运输机制是在为清除活性氧以及抵御食草动物和病原体而产生的黄酮类化合物存在的情况下进化而来的。
