Department of Horticulture, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Mol Plant. 2011 May;4(3):487-504. doi: 10.1093/mp/ssr034. Epub 2011 Apr 19.
Polar transport of the phytohormone auxin and the establishment of localized auxin maxima regulate embryonic development, stem cell maintenance, root and shoot architecture, and tropic growth responses. The past decade has been marked by dramatic progress in efforts to elucidate the complex mechanisms by which auxin transport regulates plant growth. As the understanding of auxin transport regulation has been increasingly elaborated, it has become clear that this process is involved in almost all plant growth and environmental responses in some way. However, we still lack information about some basic aspects of this fundamental regulatory mechanism. In this review, we present what we know (or what we think we know) and what we do not know about seven auxin-regulated processes. We discuss the role of auxin transport in gravitropism in primary and lateral roots, phototropism, shoot branching, leaf expansion, and venation. We also discuss the auxin reflux/fountain model at the root tip, flavonoid modulation of auxin transport processes, and outstanding aspects of post-translational regulation of auxin transporters. This discussion is not meant to be exhaustive, but highlights areas in which generally held assumptions require more substantive validation.
植物激素生长素的极性运输和局部生长素最大值的建立调节胚胎发育、干细胞维持、根和茎的结构以及向性生长反应。过去十年，人们在阐明生长素运输调节植物生长的复杂机制方面取得了显著进展。随着对生长素运输调节的理解不断深入，人们越来越清楚地认识到，这个过程在某种程度上参与了几乎所有的植物生长和环境反应。然而，我们仍然缺乏对这一基本调节机制的某些基本方面的了解。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了我们所知道的（或者我们认为我们所知道的）和我们不知道的七个生长素调节过程。我们讨论了生长素运输在主根和侧根的向重力性、向光性、分枝、叶片扩张和叶脉中的作用。我们还讨论了根尖的生长素回流/泉流模型、类黄酮对生长素运输过程的调节以及生长素转运蛋白翻译后调节的突出方面。这一讨论并不是详尽无遗的，而是强调了那些通常被认为的假设需要更实质性的验证的领域。
