Posada Germán, Pratt Dawn Marie
Child Development and Family Studies Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
J Marital Fam Ther. 2008 Jan;34(1):14-27. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-0606.2008.00050.x.
The quality of child-mother attachment relationships is context sensitive. Conflict and aggression in the marital relationship as well as aggressive discipline practices may diminish a child's confidence in her or his mother as a secure base. We investigated whether physical aggression against the mother, exposure of the child to it, and use of aggressive physical discipline practices were related to attachment security. Forty-five preschoolers and their mothers from a nonclinical, middle-class population were studied. Security scores were obtained from observers' descriptions of children's behavior at home. Mothers reported on marital conflict, physical aggression from their spouse, exposure of the child to aggression, and use of physical discipline practices. Findings indicate that marital conflict, physical aggression, exposure of the child, and use of physical discipline are significantly and negatively associated with security. Regression analyses show that physical aggression contributed unique information to the prediction of security, and that physical discipline did not mediate the associations between physical aggression and child security. Clinical implications of the findings presented are discussed.
母婴依恋关系的质量对环境敏感。婚姻关系中的冲突与攻击行为以及攻击性的管教方式可能会削弱孩子将母亲视为安全基地的信心。我们调查了针对母亲的身体攻击行为、孩子对该行为的接触以及攻击性身体管教方式的使用是否与依恋安全性有关。我们研究了来自非临床、中产阶级群体的45名学龄前儿童及其母亲。依恋安全性得分由观察者对孩子在家中行为的描述得出。母亲们报告了婚姻冲突、配偶的身体攻击行为、孩子对攻击行为的接触以及身体管教方式的使用情况。研究结果表明，婚姻冲突、身体攻击行为、孩子对攻击行为的接触以及身体管教方式的使用与依恋安全性显著负相关。回归分析表明，身体攻击行为为依恋安全性的预测提供了独特信息，且身体管教方式并未在身体攻击行为与孩子依恋安全性之间起到中介作用。本文讨论了这些研究结果的临床意义。
