Nilsen Tom I L, Romundstad Pål R, Petersen Hermod, Gunnell David, Vatten Lars J
Human Movement Science Programme, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008 Jan;17(1):183-8. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-0746.
Physical activity may reduce colon cancer risk, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Relating physical activity to cancer risk in anatomic segments of the colon may advance our understanding of possible mechanisms. We conducted a prospective study of 59,369 Norwegian men and women who were followed up for cancer incidence and mortality. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariably adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). All statistical tests were two sided. During 17 years of follow-up, 736 colon cancers and 294 rectal cancers were diagnosed. Overall, we found an inverse association between recreational physical activity and colon cancer risk, but subsite analyses showed that the association was confined to cancer in the transverse and sigmoid colon. The adjusted HR, comparing people who reported high versus no physical activity, was 0.44 (95% CI, 0.25-0.78) for cancer in the transverse colon and 0.48 (95% CI, 0.31-0.75) for cancer in the sigmoid colon. The corresponding HR for cancer mortality was 0.33 (95% CI, 0.14-0.76) for the transverse colon and 0.29 (95% CI, 0.15-0.56) for the sigmoid colon. For rectal cancer, there was no association with physical activity in these data. In conclusion, the inverse association of recreational physical activity with cancer risk and mortality in the transverse and sigmoid segments of the colon may point at increased colon motility and reduced fecal transit time as possible underlying mechanisms.
体育活动可能会降低患结肠癌的风险，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。将体育活动与结肠各解剖部位的癌症风险联系起来，可能会增进我们对潜在机制的理解。我们对59369名挪威男性和女性进行了一项前瞻性研究，对他们的癌症发病率和死亡率进行了随访。采用Cox比例风险模型来估计多变量调整后的风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）。所有统计检验均为双侧检验。在17年的随访期间，共诊断出736例结肠癌和294例直肠癌。总体而言，我们发现休闲体育活动与结肠癌风险之间存在负相关，但亚部位分析表明，这种关联仅限于横结肠和乙状结肠的癌症。比较报告有高强度体育活动与无体育活动的人群，横结肠癌的调整后HR为0.44（95%CI，0.25-0.78），乙状结肠癌为0.48（95%CI，0.31-0.75）。横结肠癌的相应癌症死亡率HR为0.33（95%CI，0.14-0.76），乙状结肠癌为0.29（95%CI，0.15-0.56）。在这些数据中，直肠癌与体育活动没有关联。总之，休闲体育活动与横结肠和乙状结肠段的癌症风险及死亡率之间的负相关，可能表明结肠蠕动增加和粪便通过时间缩短是潜在的可能机制。
