Breiding Matthew J, Black Michele C, Ryan George W
Epidemic Intelligence Service, Office of Workforce and Career Development, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2008 Feb;34(2):112-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.10.001.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been shown to have serious health consequences for both women and men, including poor general health, depressive symptoms, substance use, and elevated rates of chronic disease. Aside from crime surveys, there have been no large-scale IPV prevalence studies since the 1996 National Violence Against Women Survey. The lack of regular, ongoing surveillance, using uniform definitions and survey methods across states has hindered efforts to track IPV. In addition, the lack of state-specific data has hampered efforts at designing and evaluating localized IPV prevention programs.
In 2005, over 70,000 respondents were administered the first-ever IPV module within the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The BRFSS is a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-sponsored annual random-digit-dialed telephone survey, providing surveillance of health behaviors and health risks among the non-institutionalized adult population of the United States and several U.S. territories.
Approximately 1 in 4 women and 1 in 7 men reported some form of lifetime IPV victimization. Women evidenced significantly higher lifetime and 12-month IPV prevalence, and were more likely to report IPV-related injury than men. IPV prevalence also varied by state of residence, race/ethnicity, age, income, and education.
State-level data can assist state health officials and policy planners to better understand how many people have experienced IPV in their state. Such information provides a foundation on which to build prevention efforts directed toward this pervasive public health problem.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）已被证明对男性和女性都有严重的健康后果，包括总体健康状况不佳、抑郁症状、药物使用以及慢性病发病率上升。除了犯罪调查外，自1996年全国妇女遭受暴力调查以来，还没有大规模的亲密伴侣暴力患病率研究。由于缺乏统一的定义和跨州的调查方法进行定期、持续的监测，阻碍了对亲密伴侣暴力的追踪。此外，缺乏各州具体数据也妨碍了设计和评估本地化亲密伴侣暴力预防项目的努力。
2005年，超过7万名受访者接受了行为危险因素监测系统（BRFSS）有史以来首个亲密伴侣暴力模块的调查。BRFSS是一项由疾病控制和预防中心赞助的年度随机数字拨号电话调查，对美国和几个美国属地的非机构化成年人口的健康行为和健康风险进行监测。
约四分之一的女性和七分之一的男性报告在一生中曾遭受某种形式的亲密伴侣暴力侵害。女性的终生和12个月亲密伴侣暴力患病率明显更高，而且比男性更有可能报告与亲密伴侣暴力相关的伤害。亲密伴侣暴力患病率也因居住州、种族/族裔、年龄、收入和教育程度而异。
州一级的数据可以帮助州卫生官员和政策规划者更好地了解该州有多少人经历过亲密伴侣暴力。这些信息为针对这一普遍存在的公共卫生问题开展预防工作奠定了基础。
