Murchland Audrey R, Haneuse Sebastien, Lawn Rebecca B, Berkman Lisa, Jakubowski Karen, Glymour M Maria, Koenen Karestan C
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Alzheimers Dement. 2025 May;21(5):e70029. doi: 10.1002/alz.70029.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is highly common among women and associated with adverse health consequences that may be linked to dementia risk.
Nurses' Health Study II participants (N = 14,771) reported adult (age ≥ 18) emotional, physical, and sexual IPV in 2001/2008 and completed the Cogstate Brief Battery 2014-2019 (4/6 maximum assessments). Any versus no IPV and IPV subtypes were used to predict cognition in confounder-adjusted generalized estimating equation models weighted to account for attrition.
Mean age at baseline was 61.0 years (standard deviation = 4.6); 46.5% reported any IPV (42.3% emotional, 22.6% physical, and 11.3% sexual). IPV victimization was associated with 0.029 SD unit (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.068, 0.009) lower global cognitive score but not rate of cognitive change. Among IPV types, emotional IPV had the strongest association (β = -0.048; 95% CI: -0.075, -0.020) with cognitive scores.
Gendered social experiences such as IPV may influence dementia risk. Further assessment of IPV in aging cohorts is needed.
IPV predicted lower average cognitive score over follow-up. Emotional abuse had the largest associations with cognitive score among subtypes. We found no differences in rate of cognitive score change by violence exposure. Even modest impacts of violence would translate to large population effects. Gendered experiences warrant additional research in understanding dementia risk.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）受害情况在女性中极为常见，且与可能与痴呆风险相关的不良健康后果有关。
护士健康研究II的参与者（N = 14771）在2001/2008年报告了成人（年龄≥18岁）遭受的情感、身体和性方面的亲密伴侣暴力，并在2014 - 2019年完成了Cogstate简明电池测试（最多进行4/6次评估）。在考虑失访因素进行加权的混杂因素调整广义估计方程模型中，使用是否遭受亲密伴侣暴力以及亲密伴侣暴力的亚型来预测认知情况。
基线时的平均年龄为61.0岁（标准差 = 4.6）；46.5%的人报告遭受过任何形式的亲密伴侣暴力（42.3%为情感暴力，22.6%为身体暴力，11.3%为性暴力）。亲密伴侣暴力受害与全球认知得分降低0.029标准差单位（95%置信区间[CI]：-0.068，0.009）相关，但与认知变化率无关。在亲密伴侣暴力类型中，情感暴力与认知得分的关联最强（β = -0.048；95% CI：-0.075，-0.020）。
诸如亲密伴侣暴力这样的性别化社会经历可能会影响痴呆风险。需要对老年人群中的亲密伴侣暴力进行进一步评估。
亲密伴侣暴力预测了随访期间较低的平均认知得分。在各亚型中，情感虐待与认知得分的关联最大。我们发现暴力暴露对认知得分变化率没有差异。即使暴力的影响较小，也会转化为较大的人群效应。性别化经历在理解痴呆风险方面值得进一步研究。
