Beard W
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus.
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 1991 Dec;7(3):669-84. doi: 10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30493-5.
Caslick's, episioplasty, urethroplasty, cervical, and rectovestibular laceration repair are, by preference, performed in the standing patient. Normal castration is performed routinely uneventfully in the standing patient. The duration of the procedures and the ease with which they are accomplished in a standing horse of normal temperament make general anesthesia unnecessary. More invasive procedures, such as removal of urinary bladder calculi in male horses or removal of a neoplastic ovary in a mare, can be accomplished in a standing patient but serious consideration should be given to the use of general anesthesia. For these procedures, the potential complications are increased while the ability to effectively deal with those complications is diminished in a standing patient. For instance, imagine a mare that lays down in the stocks during a standing flank removal of an ovary or a stallion that defecates during a Gokel's approach to the bladder. Only extenuating circumstances justify these risks when general anesthesia is available.
卡斯利克氏手术、会阴成形术、尿道成形术、宫颈及直肠前庭撕裂伤修复术，优先在站立的病畜身上进行。正常去势手术通常在站立的病畜身上顺利完成。手术持续时间以及在性情正常的站立马匹身上完成这些手术的难易程度使得无需全身麻醉。更具侵入性的手术，如公马膀胱结石摘除术或母马肿瘤性卵巢切除术，可在站立的病畜身上完成，但应认真考虑使用全身麻醉。对于这些手术，站立的病畜发生潜在并发症的风险增加，而有效处理这些并发症的能力则降低。例如，想象一下，一匹母马在站立位侧面卵巢摘除术中卧倒，或者一匹公马在采用戈克尔氏方法接近膀胱时排便。只有在有全身麻醉可用的情况下，情有可原的情况才足以证明这些风险是合理的。
