Löfstedt Christer, Bergmann Jan, Francke Wittko, Jirle Erling, Hansson Bill S, Ivanov Vladimir D
Department of Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
J Chem Ecol. 2008 Feb;34(2):220-8. doi: 10.1007/s10886-007-9418-7. Epub 2008 Jan 23.
In the caddisfly Molanna angustata, females produce a sex pheromone in glands with openings on the fifth sternite. Gas chromatographic analyses of pheromone gland extracts with electroantennographic detection revealed four major compounds that stimulated male antennae. These compounds were identified by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and enantioselective gas chromatography as heptan-2-one, (S)-heptan-2-ol, nonan-2-one, and (S)-nonan-2-ol in the approximate ratio of 1:1:4:10, respectively. Field tests showed that the mixture of the two alcohols was attractive to males whereas addition of the corresponding ketones reduced trap catches. The sex pheromone of M. angustata, a species in the family Molannidae within the suborder Integripalpia, is similar to the pheromones or pheromone-like compounds previously reported from six other trichopteran families, including members of the basal suborder Annulipalpia. This suggests that minimal evolutionary change of the pheromone chemistry has taken place within the leptoceroid branch of integripalpian Trichoptera compared to the ancestral character state.
在毛翅目昆虫窄体莫拉纳毛翅虫中，雌性在第五腹节有开口的腺体中产生性信息素。通过气相色谱分析信息素腺体提取物并结合触角电位检测，发现有四种主要化合物能刺激雄性触角。通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用和对映选择性气相色谱法鉴定，这些化合物分别为2 - 庚酮、(S)-2 - 庚醇、2 - 壬酮和(S)-2 - 壬醇，其比例约为1:1:4:10。田间试验表明，两种醇的混合物对雄性有吸引力，而加入相应的酮会减少诱捕量。窄体莫拉纳毛翅虫属于毛翅目内莫拉纳科的一个物种，其性信息素与之前报道的其他六个毛翅目科的信息素或信息素样化合物相似，包括基部环须亚目的成员。这表明与祖先特征状态相比，在毛翅目长角亚目的瘦角类分支内，信息素化学的进化变化极小。
