Department of Entomology, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2012 Dec;105(6):2196-206. doi: 10.1603/ec11422.
The chemical cues by which lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) beetles find each other are still unknown. Laboratory two-choice pitfall bioassays were conducted to evaluate the attractiveness of synthetic aggregation pheromone lure to lesser mealworm adults and larvae. All components of this synthetic aggregation pheromone lure, including: (R)-(+)-limonene, (E)-beta-ocimene, (S)-(+)-linalool, (R)-(+)-daucene, and 2-nonanone were also tested singly. Chicken dropping volatile compounds and fresh chicken droppings (CD) were evaluated singly or in combination with the pheromone lure. In Arkansas, trapping experiments were conducted in different poultry houses with low, moderate, and high lesser mealworm populations to evaluate the attraction of pheromone lure. Laboratory two-choice pitfall bioassay was found to be a useful and convenient tool for evaluating the attractants before testing them in the poultry house. Greater attraction of adults and larvae to a dose of 20-30 microg pheromone lure was identified in laboratory two-choice pitfall bioassays. Adults and larvae were highly attractive to a combination of fresh CD and pheromone lure, whereas, a combination of chicken dropping volatile and pheromone lure was not significantly attractive. The low attraction of limonene and linalool in the laboratory two-choice pitfall bioassays suggest that either they are nonattractive or attractive only at a narrow range of concentrations. Higher numbers of lesser mealworm adults and larvae were found in traps treated with pheromone lure as compared with untreated controls in field experiments. Results indicate a potential for combining the pheromone lure with the attractive CD compounds to enhance trap efficacy.
尚未清楚较小的黄粉虫，黄粉甲（潘泽）（鞘翅目：拟步行甲科）甲虫如何彼此发现的化学线索。进行了实验室双选择陷阱生物测定，以评估合成聚集信息素诱饵对较小的黄粉虫成虫和幼虫的吸引力。该合成聚集信息素诱饵的所有成分，包括：（R）-（+）-柠檬烯、（E）-β-罗勒烯、（S）-（+）-芳樟醇、（R）-（+）-大根香叶烯和 2-壬酮，也进行了单独测试。鸡粪挥发物化合物和新鲜鸡粪（CD）单独测试或与信息素诱饵组合测试。在阿肯色州，在具有低、中和高较小的黄粉虫种群的不同家禽舍中进行了诱捕实验，以评估信息素诱饵的吸引力。实验室双选择陷阱生物测定被发现是一种有用且方便的工具，可在在禽舍中测试之前评估引诱剂。在实验室双选择陷阱生物测定中，发现成虫和幼虫对 20-30 微克信息素诱饵的剂量有更大的吸引力。成虫和幼虫对新鲜 CD 和信息素诱饵的组合具有高度吸引力，而鸡粪挥发物和信息素诱饵的组合则没有明显吸引力。在实验室双选择陷阱生物测定中，柠檬烯和芳樟醇的吸引力较低，这表明它们要么没有吸引力，要么只在狭窄的浓度范围内有吸引力。与未处理对照相比，在野外实验中，用信息素诱饵处理的诱捕器中发现了更多的较小的黄粉虫成虫和幼虫。结果表明，将信息素诱饵与有吸引力的 CD 化合物结合使用，以提高诱捕效率是有潜力的。
