针对低收入拉丁裔人群的按时乳腺钼靶筛查：一种提议的文化模式。
On-time mammography screening with a focus on Latinas with low income: a proposed cultural model.
作者信息
Terán Lorena, Baezconde-Garbanati Lourdes, Márquez Marcela, Castellanos Enrique, Belkić Karen
机构信息
Institute for Prevention Research, the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
出版信息
Anticancer Res. 2007 Nov-Dec;27(6C):4325-38.
BACKGROUND
Initial U.S.A. breast cancer screening rates have risen, but not repeat screening, especially among low-income minority populations. Latinas are particularly at-risk of underscreening. Consequently, late-detection is common, with increased risk of dying after diagnosis. Why women with low-income, particularly Latinas, who had initial mammography, were not regularly screened was examined.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
An expanded model was tested, incorporating the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), cultural factors, potential facilitators and barriers. Participants were 112 women, 72 of whom were Latinas, who had contacted an Early-Detection Program and received a mammogram 3-4 years earlier.
RESULTS
The TPB did not explain mammography rescreening behavior among Latinas. The cultural factors: high familism and low fatalism showed significant multivariate associations with recent mammogram among Latinas. A major barrier for Latinas was "distorted familism": neglecting own health because family was first priority.
CONCLUSION
A cultural model is proposed, which can guide interventions for improving on-time mammography among Latinas.
背景
美国乳腺癌的初次筛查率有所上升，但重复筛查率却没有，尤其是在低收入少数族裔人群中。拉丁裔女性尤其面临筛查不足的风险。因此，晚期发现很常见，诊断后死亡风险增加。本研究探讨了那些进行过初次乳房X光检查的低收入女性，尤其是拉丁裔女性，未定期接受筛查的原因。
患者与方法
测试了一个扩展模型，该模型纳入了计划行为理论（TPB）、文化因素、潜在促进因素和障碍因素。研究对象为112名女性，其中72名是拉丁裔女性，她们曾联系过早期检测项目，并在3至4年前接受过乳房X光检查。
结果
计划行为理论无法解释拉丁裔女性的乳房X光复查行为。文化因素方面：高度的家庭主义和低度的宿命论与拉丁裔女性近期的乳房X光检查存在显著的多变量关联。拉丁裔女性面临的一个主要障碍是“扭曲的家庭主义”：将家庭放在首位而忽视自身健康。
结论
提出了一个文化模型，该模型可指导相关干预措施，以提高拉丁裔女性按时进行乳房X光检查的比率。
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