Vincent Gina M, Grisso Thomas, Terry Anna, Banks Steven
Drs. Vincent, Grisso, and Banks and Ms. Terry are with the University of Massachusetts Medical School..
Drs. Vincent, Grisso, and Banks and Ms. Terry are with the University of Massachusetts Medical School.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008 Mar;47(3):282-290. doi: 10.1097/CHI.0b013e318160d516.
Studies have suggested a high prevalence of mental health symptoms among youths in the juvenile justice system, with the highest prevalence among girls and whites compared to boys and other races. This multisite, archival study examined whether sex and race differences, when they exist, were consistent across U.S. juvenile justice programs.
Data included scores on the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument-Version 2 (MAYSI-2) for 70,423 youths from 283 juvenile justice probation, detention, or corrections programs. A meta-analytic technique investigated the consistency of effect sizes for sex and race/ethnic differences across sites in self-reported mental health problems;
Across sites, girls on average were 1.8 (95% confidence interval 0.98-1.10) to 2.4 (95% confidence interval 2.38-2.48) times as likely as boys to have clinical elevations on all applicable MAYSI-2 scales except the Alcohol/Drug Use scale. On the Alcohol/Drug Use scale, a sex effect existed but only among youngeryouths. Whites were more likely to have clinical elevations than blacks or Hispanics; but surprisingly disparities varied across mental health categories and varied considerably across sites.
At the aggregate level, 72% of girls and 63% of boys had a clinical elevation on at least one MAYSI-2 scale. Our meta-analytic technique indicated that the sex differences across sites were even larger than these numbers imply. Conversely and counter to existing evidence, race-related differences were generally small or nonexistent. Whites were more likely to have alcohol and drug problems and suicide ideation, but not more likely to have symptoms of depression, anxiety, or thought disturbance than blacks or Hispanics.
研究表明，青少年司法系统中的青少年心理健康症状患病率较高，与男孩和其他种族相比，女孩和白人的患病率最高。这项多地点档案研究调查了性别和种族差异（若存在）在美国各地青少年司法项目中是否一致。
数据包括来自283个青少年司法缓刑、拘留或教养项目的70423名青少年的马萨诸塞州青少年筛查工具第二版（MAYSI - 2）得分。一种元分析技术调查了自我报告的心理健康问题中跨地点的性别和种族/族裔差异效应大小的一致性。
在所有地点，除酒精/药物使用量表外，在所有适用的MAYSI - 2量表上，女孩出现临床升高的可能性平均是男孩的1.8倍（95%置信区间0.98 - 1.10）至2.4倍（95%置信区间2.38 - 2.48）。在酒精/药物使用量表上，存在性别效应，但仅在较年轻的青少年中存在。白人比黑人或西班牙裔更有可能出现临床升高；但令人惊讶的是，差异在不同心理健康类别中有所不同，且在不同地点差异很大。
总体而言，72%的女孩和63%的男孩在至少一个MAYSI - 2量表上出现临床升高。我们的元分析技术表明，跨地点的性别差异甚至比这些数字所显示的还要大。相反，与现有证据相反，种族相关差异通常很小或不存在。白人比黑人或西班牙裔更有可能出现酒精和药物问题以及自杀意念，但在抑郁、焦虑或思维障碍症状方面并不更有可能。
