Paterson Janis, Carter Sarnia, Gao Wanzhen, Cowley-Malcolm Esther, Iusitini Leon
Pacific Islands Families Study, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2008 Apr;49(4):395-404. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01841.x. Epub 2008 Jan 21.
To examine (1) the association between maternal intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and victimisation and behavioural problems among two- and four-year-old Pacific children, and (2) the socio-demographic and parenting factors that may impact on this association.
Mothers of the Pacific Islands Families (PIF) cohort of Pacific infants born in New Zealand during 2000 were interviewed when the children were two and four years of age. This data set was based on mothers who were cohabiting in married or de-facto partnerships (N = 920) and who completed measures of IPV at the two-year assessment point and the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) at the two-or four-year assessment points. Of these, 709 mothers completed the CBCL at both assessment points.
There were no significant associations between IPV and the prevalence rates of clinically relevant cases of behavioural problems in the two-year-old child cohort. However, the prevalence rates of clinically relevant internalising, externalising and total problem cases were significantly higher among four-year-old children of mothers who reported severe perpetration of IPV. The odds of being in clinical range of internalising were 2.16 times higher for children of mothers who were perpetrators of severe physical violence than for those children of mothers who were not, and for externalising and total problems they were 2.38 and 2.36 times higher respectively. Socio-demographic and parenting factors did not significantly influence the association between IPV and child behaviour problems.
These findings contribute to the complex picture of the consequences that exposure to parental violence may have on the behaviour of young children. The effectiveness of preventative strategies may be maximised if implemented in these early years before such problems become entrenched and lead on to future behavioural problems and impaired family relationships.
研究(1)太平洋地区两岁和四岁儿童的母亲遭受亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)侵害与实施暴力行为和行为问题之间的关联,以及(2)可能影响这种关联的社会人口统计学和育儿因素。
对2000年在新西兰出生的太平洋岛屿家庭(PIF)队列中的太平洋婴儿的母亲进行访谈,访谈时间分别为孩子两岁和四岁时。该数据集基于处于已婚或事实婚姻关系中的母亲(N = 920),她们在孩子两岁时完成了IPV测量,并在孩子两岁或四岁时完成了儿童行为检查表(CBCL)。其中,709位母亲在两个评估点都完成了CBCL。
在两岁儿童队列中,IPV与行为问题临床相关病例的患病率之间没有显著关联。然而,报告遭受严重IPV侵害的母亲的四岁孩子中,临床相关的内化、外化和总问题病例的患病率显著更高。遭受严重身体暴力的母亲的孩子出现内化问题处于临床范围的几率比未遭受暴力的母亲的孩子高2.16倍,出现外化问题和总问题的几率分别高2.38倍和2.36倍。社会人口统计学和育儿因素并未显著影响IPV与儿童行为问题之间的关联。
这些发现有助于了解接触父母暴力可能对幼儿行为产生的复杂后果。如果在这些问题变得根深蒂固并导致未来行为问题和家庭关系受损之前就在早期实施预防策略,可能会使其效果最大化。